Actuarial Basics

Actuarial Basics
Core pricing, loss, reserve, and premium terms used in insurance.
Combined Ratio
Underwriting measure that adds losses and expenses against earned premium.
Earned Premium
Portion of premium attributed to the coverage period that has already run.
Expense Ratio
Underwriting-expense measure used alongside loss ratio and combined ratio.
Incurred Losses
Claims-cost measure combining paid amounts with reserve changes.
Loss Frequency
Claim-occurrence rate for a defined book of business or exposure base.
Loss Ratio
Claims-cost ratio showing how much earned premium is consumed by losses.
Loss Reserve
Estimated amount set aside for claim payments and related claim obligations.
Loss Severity
Average size of claims when they occur in a given line or portfolio.
Unearned Premium
Portion of premium still tied to the unexpired part of the policy term.